Press
Release
(2001) 173
18 Dec. 2001
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Statement
on combating terrorism:
Adapting the Alliance's Defence Capabilities
- The atrocities committed against the United States on 11
September were an attack on all Allies. The invocation for
the first time of Article 5 of the Washington Treaty, within
a day of those tragic events, was a powerful testimony to
this fact and demonstrated that NATO's overall approach to
security can include the possibility of collective action
in response to a terrorist attack from abroad on an Ally.
It also testified to our recognition that what had been attacked,
in addition to thousands of innocent people, were the values
on which our societies are based. These are values we will
defend. Individually and collectively, we must deal with a
changed security environment.
- The Alliance must adapt its capabilities to these changes
in the conditions of security and stability. We fully endorse
the recent statement on terrorism by Alliance Foreign Ministers.
As Defence Ministers, we are especially concerned to ensure
that the Alliance's military concepts evolve in keeping
with our clearer appreciation of the menace posed by terrorism
and that its defence capabilities are adequate for the demands
they will face, including military responses to terrorism.
Such action must of course make use of a wide range of national
and international means, of which military ones are only
a part. As complements to civilian instruments, however,
defence and military tools may be essential for a number
of purposes including gathering intelligence; acting against
terrorists and those who harbour them; protecting populations,
infrastructure, and forces against their attacks; and dealing
with the consequences of attacks that might nevertheless
occur.
- The Alliance is already in a position to contribute significantly
to the struggle against terrorism due to the ongoing transformation
of its forces, military structures, and defence planning
procedures that has been under way since the end of the
Cold War. Indeed, following 11 September, both individually
and collectively, the Allies are already making such a contribution.
In conjunction with the invocation of Article 5, we have
opened our airspace to aircraft involved in the coalition
operations, deployed Airborne Warning and Control Aircraft
to help patrol American airspace, sent a naval force to
the eastern Mediterranean, taken steps to strengthen the
protection of sensitive facilities, and increased exchanges
of information and intelligence. We are examining ways of
improving the Alliance's air defence posture.
- A more general re-assessment of the Alliance's defence
posture and plans in the light of the events of 11 September
has already begun. A new assessment of the threat posed
by terrorism is being prepared; proposals for improving
the Alliance's preparedness against terrorism involving
chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear weapons have
been advanced; and the Allies concerned are examining the
implications of terrorism for national defence plans in
the context of NATO's force planning system. We are vigorously
pursuing our efforts to prevent the proliferation of weapons
of mass destruction and their delivery means and intensifying
our cooperation in the field of civil emergency planning.
- In addition, NATO's relationships with its Partners -
with Russia, Ukraine, and the other members of the Euro-Atlantic
Partnership Council - constitute a network of countries
linked by habits of cooperation and united in their condemnation
of terrorism. These relationships have already shown their
operational importance in the Balkans and are also valuable
in the struggle against terrorism. The value of our cooperation
with our Partners has already been shown in the consultations
that are taking place on the ongoing crisis and the fact
that a number of them are contributing to the coalition
operations. We wish to deepen our relationships with our
Central Asian and Caucasian Partners, as well as with our
partners in the Mediterranean Dialogue, who have also unreservedly
condemned the attacks on the United States.
- The struggle against terrorism will involve a wide range
of international organisations. We support the efforts of
the United Nations with its central role in this field,
and those of the European Union, the Organisation for Security
and Cooperation in Europe, the G-8, and international financial
institutions.
- There is much yet to do, however, on both a conceptual
and a practical level. This work should include:
further consideration, as noted earlier, of the way
in which the Alliance can contribute in the defence field
to the struggle against terrorism;
preparation by the NATO Military Authorities, on the basis
of guidance to be provided by the Council in Permanent
Session, of a military concept for defence against terrorism,
following the development of the new threat assessment,
for approval by the Council in Permanent Session;
a review of the effectiveness of the Alliance's defence
and military policies, structures and capabilities for
the full range of its missions against the background
of the threat posed by terrorism;
further efforts by the Senior Defence Group on Proliferation,
in consultation with other relevant NATO bodies, to improve
the Alliance's capability to cope with the possible use
by terrorists of chemical, biological, radiological and
nuclear materials;
further efforts by nations and by the relevant Alliance
bodies to identify possible measures in all relevant DCI
capability areas, in both the short and long term, or
additional efforts that would enhance the Alliance's defensive
posture against terrorist attacks;
enhanced sharing of information among the Allies on
threat warnings and intelligence assessments, concepts,
structures, equipment, training, and exercising of military
forces designed to combat terrorist threats, and on other
measures that could improve the Alliance's defence posture
against such threats.
- Efforts to improve NATO's ability to respond to terrorism
must be an integral, albeit urgent, part of the more general
ongoing work to improve Alliance military capabilities.
There has been some progress in this wider regard since
our last meeting, but a great deal more needs to be done.
We are especially concerned about persistent long-standing
deficiencies in areas such as survivability; deployability;
combat identification; and intelligence, surveillance, and
target acquisition. The full implementation of DCI is essential
if the Alliance is to be able to carry out its missions,
taking into account the threat posed by terrorism.
- Against the background of this statement, we direct the
Council in Permanent Session to keep these matters under
regular review and report to us at our next meeting on progress
made with respect to the tasks listed in paragraph 7 and
more generally on the Alliance's ability, from a defence
and military point of view, to accomplish the full range
of its tasks in the changed security environment, especially
in light of the threat posed by terrorism. The Council should
also make recommendations for any necessary further work.
In addition, the Summit Meeting next year in Prague of the
Heads of State and Government will be a particularly important
opportunity to assess the progress made in developing the
capabilities that the struggle against terrorism and the
other challenges facing the Alliance demand, and to give
further direction as necessary.

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