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Governing Stability Across the Mediterranean Sea: a Transatlantic Perspective A conference organised by the Istituto Affari Internazionali, Rome 21-23 March 2002, Residenza di Ripetta Via di Ripetta, 231 - Rome Sponsored by the NATO Office of Information and Press and the German Marshall Fund of the United States Contents Rationale of the conference Agenda List of Participants Rationale of the conference The events of 2001, in particular the 11 September attack and its aftermath, while demanding short-term responses, have also revealed the need to respond to terrorism and violence in the longer term. Such a longer-term response has to be provided in terms of governance, i.e. cooperation and partnership. The Western countries have already provided responses of this kind in the nineties. However, the question of governing instability has now become especially urgent. The government of instability is a problem that involves the huge North African, Middle Eastern, and Central Asian areas. In the Mediterranean, though, the question looks particularly relevant because of the presence in the area of important Western allies, such as Egypt, Turkey and Israel, and significant schemes for security cooperation, such as the NATO Mediterranean Dialogue and the Euro-Med Partnership, in addition to the Mediterranean's proximity to Western and European interests and resources. The challenge is that these schemes of security cooperation need to be reinforced, improved and updated. On the one hand, efforts must be stepped up to reach shared views on the factors and trends that shape ongoing developments. On the other hand, it is essential that respective security concepts be broadened, common grounds, policy responses and a possible division of labour worked out. In general, stronger elements of partnership should be included. In this perspective, two factors are equally relevant to the aim of developing partnership across the Mediterranean Sea: (a) increasing confidence between Western countries and countries beyond the Mediterranean; (b) strengthening transatlantic cohesion by establishing a suitable division of labor among allies. The two tasks look equally important and are, in any case, bound to interact with one another. These are the themes that the conference organised by the Italian International Affairs Institute (IAI) intends to address, starting with the NATO Mediterranean Dialogue. The latter, as a scheme for stability governance and security cooperation, is already operating in a transatlantic perspective. Thus, for the time being, it constitutes the forum for security and stability dialogue between the transatlantic partners and between the latter and Mediterranean partners. Agenda Thursday (21 March 2002)   Arrival of participants 8:30 pm Dinner: "Porto di Ripetta" - Via di Ripetta 250 DAY ONE (Friday 22 March 2002) 9 am 1. Opening remarks Rocco Buttiglione, Minister, Ministry for Community Policies, Rome Amedeo de Franchis, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Italy, NATO, Brussels 9:30 am 2. Governing stability in the Mediterranean Between Dialogue and Partnership: Civilian and Military Factors of Security in the Mediterranean Roberto Aliboni, Vice President, International Affairs Institute, Rome The NATO Mediterranean Dialogue Nicola de Santis, Information Officer for Mediterranean Dialogue Countries, NATO, Brussels The Euro-Med Partnership lvaro de Vasconcelos, Director, Institute of Strategic and International Studies, Lisbon 10:30 am Discussion 11:30 am Coffee break 12:00 am 3. Challenges to stability Islamism: roots and prospects Béchir Chourou, Assistant Professor of International Relations, Institute of Modern Languages, University of Tunis I 12:20 am Discussion Bassma Kodmani-Darwish, Middle East and North Africa Regional Office, The Ford Foundation, Cairo 1:15 pm Lunch 2:15 am Transnational risks and soft security cooperation George Joff, Consultant, London 2:35 am Discussion Alessandro Politi, Defence Consultant, Rome Mark Heller, Principal Research Associate, Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 3:30 pm Coffee break 4:00 pm Globalization trends Michael Intriligator, Director, Burkle Center for International Relations, University of California, Los Angeles 4:20 pm Discussion Tim Niblock, Director, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter Paolo Guerrieri, Vice President, International Affairs Institute, University "La Sapienza", Rome 5:30 pm Conference adjournes DAY TWO (Saturday 23 March 2002) 9:00 am New and traditional terrorism Ian Lesser, Senior Analyst, International Policy Department, RAND, Washington D.C. 9:20 am Discussion Jean-François Daguzan, Fondation de la Recherche Stratégique, Paris Gamal A.G. Soltan, Senior Researcher, Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, Cairo 10:15 am Coffee break 10:30 am Round table: governance and partnership in the Mediterranean Stefano Silvestri, President, International Affairs Institute, Rome (moderator) Ian Lesser, Senior Analyst, International Policy Department, RAND, Washington D.C. Béchir Chourou, Assistant Professor of International Relations, Institute of Modern Languages, University of Tunis I Tom Farer, Dean, Graduate School of International Studies, University of Denver Alvaro de Vasconcelos, Director, IEEI-Institute of Strategic and International Studies, Lisbon 12:15 am Concluding Remarks Alessandro Minuto Rizzo, Deputy Secretary General, NATO, Brussels 12:45 am End of the conference 1:00 pm Lunch List of participants Roberto Aliboni Vice President, IAI-International Affairs Institute, Rome Giancarlo Aragona Director General, Directorate of Political Affairs, Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Rome John Berry Dean, NATO Defense College, Rome Rocco Buttiglione Minister, Ministry for Community Policies, Rome Béchir Chourou Assistant Professor of International Relations, Institute of Modern Languages, University of Tunis I Jean-François Daguzan FRS-Fondation de la Recherche Stratégique, Paris Amedeo de Franchis Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Italy, NATO, Brussels Nicola de Santis Information Officer for Mediterranean Dialogue Countries, NATO, Brussels Federico Eichberg Head, Cabinet of the Italian Vice-Minister for Productive Activities, Rome Tom Farer Dean, Graduate School of International Studies, University of Denver Paolo Guerrieri Vice President, IAI-International Affairs Institute, University "La Sapienza", Rome Mark Heller Principal Research Associate, Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv Michael Intriligator Director, BCIR - Burkle Center for International Relations, University of California, Los Angeles George Joffé Consultant, London Bassma Kodmani-Darwish Middle East and North Africa Regional Office, The Ford Foundation, Cairo Ian Lesser Senior Analyst, International Policy Department, RAND, Washington D.C. Alessandro Minuto Rizzo Deputy Secretary General, NATO, Brussels Alessandra Nervi Transatlantic Center-Berlin Office, The German Marshall Fund of the United States Tim Niblock Director, Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies, University of Exeter Alessandro Politi Defence Consultant, Rome Nicole Renvert Politics Division, Director of the Transatlantic Project, Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gütersloh Alessandro Silj Director, Italian Council for Social Sciences, Rome Stefano Silvestri President, IAI-International Affairs Institute, Rome Gamal A.G. Soltan Senior Researcher, Al-Ahram CPSS - Center for Political and Strategic Studies, Cairo Álvaro de Vasconcelos Director, IEEI-Institute of Strategic and International Studies, Lisbon Rapporteur Maria-Cristina Paciello Research-Fellow, IAI-International Affairs Institute, Rome Observers Massimo Ambrosetti Counsellor, Permanent Delegation of Italy, NATO, Brussels Amy M. Bliss Assistant Cultural Attache, Embassy of the United States, Rome Giovanni Brauzzi NATO Head Office, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Rome Amos Radian Plenipotentiary Minister, Embassy of Israel, Rome