NATO Communiqué M-NACC- 2(94)121 Issued at the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council held at NATO Headquarters, Brussels 2 Dec. 1994

Work Plan for Dialogue, Partnership and Cooperation 1994/1995 Introduction The Foreign Ministers and Representatives of the member countries of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council, with the participation of observer countries, have agreed to the following revision of the Work Plan for 1994 which will also be valid for 1995. It builds on the foundations and principles of dialogue, partnership and cooperation already established, in particular at the Rome Summit in November 1991, the Brussels Summit in January 1994 and NACC Ministerial meetings. Partnership for Peace (PfP) topics and activities to be conducted in the NACC framework are, in accordance with the rules and procedures set out in the PfP Framework Document and other relevant PfP documents, subject to further consideration in that context. Overview Political and Security Related Matters Policy Planning Consultations Economic Issues Defence Conversion (Including its Human Dimension) Security Aspects of Economic Development Defence Expenditures/Defence Budgets and their Relationship with the Economy Science Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) Information Peacekeeping Defence Planning Issues and Military Matters NACC PFP Topics and Activities Civil Emergency Planning - Humanitarian Assistance NACC PFP Topics and Activities Air-Traffic Management NACC PFP Topics and Activities

Political and Security Related Matters Topics Specific political and security related matters, including regional security issues; Conceptual approaches to arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation, including the security of new non-nuclear weapon states and the general problems of security related to nuclear issues; Strengthening the consultative and cooperation process; Practical cooperation with CSCE on security issues. Activities Consultations at Ambassadorial level, including on specific issues in brainstorming format; Regular and, as events dictate, ad hoc consultations of the Political Committee with cooperation partners, including as appropriate with experts; Early consultations, particularly on regional tensions with a potential to grow into crisis; Informal political consultations between NATO and individual partner countries, as appropriate; Meetings of Regional Experts Group with experts from partner countries once a year; Briefing of cooperation partners, including at the partner's request when possible, on decisions taken by the North Atlantic Council and other important developments in the Alliance having direct bearing on security and stability; Continuation of seminars and experts meetings with CFE cooperation partners on implementation of the CFE treaty; Building on current programme of joint multilateral inspection teams and joint inspector/escort training for CFE cooperation partners, including a CFE Course for verification teams' inspectors to be held in the Schooling Centre in Komorni Hradek; Continuation of support to CFE cooperation partners in connecting to and in utilising VERITY. Policy Planning Consultations Topic Mid- and long-term foreign and security policy issues. Activity A meeting of NATO's Atlantic Policy Advisory Group with cooperation partners in 1995 in Slovakia. Economic Issues Defence Conversion (Including its Human Dimension) Topics Conversion and social stability; integration into the civilian economy of the manpower potential used in the military and the armaments industry; Economic aspects pertaining to restructuring armaments production sites and military garrisons and to privatisation of military industries; Conversion experiences (in particular in the field of armaments production) and conversion planning. Activities Continued development by the Economic Directorate of the database on technical expertise in defence conversion with a view to its practical use in cooperation partner countries; Development of defence conversion pilot projects supported by nations with a view to promoting cooperation between industries of Allied and cooperation partner countries; Organization of workshops on practical defence conversion activities, with particular focus on problems encountered in restructuring major armaments production centres and military installations, with participation of local business and administrations and of defence industries (in 1995 to be held in a cooperation partner country); Enlarged Economic Committee meetings, as agreed, on topics related to defence conversion, including a meeting with the Industrial Planning Committee to discuss relevant issues related to defence conversion. Security Aspects of Economic Development Topics Economic and ecological consequences of defence-related environmental degradation; Economic and ecological consequences of nuclear disarmament; Economic aspects of migration and refugees affecting security and stability; Consequences of the implementation of UN mandated economic sanctions on socio-economic aspects of regional stability. Activities Workshops/reinforced meetings on the above themes; Economic Committee with cooperation partners seminar on impact and human consequences of defence-related environmental degradation and on economic and ecological aspects of nuclear disarmament supported, as necessary, by Science/CCMS Committees' Experts. NATO Economics annual Colloquium to be organised by the Economics Directorate on "Status of Economic Reforms in Cooperation Partner Countries in the mid-1990s: Opportunities, Constraints, Security Implications." Defence Expenditures/Defence Budgets and their Relationship with the Economy Topic Interrelationship between defence expenditures/budgets and the economy; Activities Seminar on Legislative Oversight of National Defence Budgets to be held in an Allied country; Enlarged Economic Committee meetings, as agreed, on the economic aspects of topics related to defence expenditures/defence budgets; Science Topics Participation of cooperation partner scientists in NATO science programmes giving emphasis to priority areas of interest to NATO and cooperation partners; Ways and means of enhancing the output of scientific cooperation programmes. Activities Meeting of the Science Committee with counterparts from cooperation partner countries at least once a year, including holding the 1995 regular annual meeting of the NATO Science Committee with cooperation partners in Budapest; Participation of scientists from cooperation partner countries in Advanced Study Institutes (ASI) and Advanced Research Workshops (ARW) as well as the holding of such meetings in cooperation partner countries; Participation of scientists from cooperation partner countries in the Collaborative Research Grants, Linkage Grants and Science Fellowships; Sending proceedings, in hardcopy or computerized format, of NATO's scientific meetings to a central library in each cooperation partner country and disseminating other literature on the Science programme to scientists in cooperation partner countries; Sponsoring visits of experts to cooperation partner demonstration projects and providing other assistance in initiating such projects; Sponsoring visits of experts from cooperation partner countries invited by project directors in NATO member countries; Assisting cooperation partners through the use of NATO's network of referees and experts; Examining how computer networks can facilitate contacts and promote more effective cooperation among scientists through the use of Networking Infrastructure Grants and Networking Supplements to Linkage Grants; Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) Topics Defence-related and disarmament-related environmental issues; Pilot studies of interest to cooperation partners; Activities Meeting of the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society with counterparts from cooperation partner countries at least once a year; Participation of cooperation partners' experts in pilot study meetings, workshops, conferences, seminars, and holding pilot study meetings in cooperation partner countries; Dissemination of information on CCMS pilot studies, workshops, conferences and seminars, as well as approved reports to cooperation partners; On-going pilot study topics to be pursued as agreed; Active consideration of new pilot study proposals made by either NATO or cooperation partner countries; Information Topics Contribution to increased understanding of NATO and its policies and to a more informed debate on security matters; Exploration of members' expectations including public expectations of the information programme; Dissemination of information by electronic means. Activities Meetings of the Committee on Information and Cultural Relations (CICR) with cooperation partners; Information about NATO and its policies will be made available to target audiences in cooperation partner countries, including selected institutions and organizations, inter alia through embassies of NATO member countries serving as contact points and other diplomatic liaison channels; Continue and further intensify information-related cooperation with institutions established by cooperation partner countries interested and able to provide the necessary facilities, support personnel and services; Support the establishment of new NATO-related Information Centres by cooperation partner countries within the context of available resources; Visits to NATO by target groups; Sponsorship of a number of experts from cooperation partner countries to attend security-related seminars in Allied countries; Co-sponsorship with cooperation partners of seminars/workshops in cooperation partner countries; Presentations by NATO speakers in cooperation partner countries; Democratic Institutions Fellowships (individual and institutional support); Increased dissemination of NATO documentation and information materials in languages of cooperation partners. Peacekeeping PFP Topics and Activities Topic Co-operation in Peacekeeping (Conceptual, Planning and Operational) within the framework of PMSC Ad Hoc Group on Co-operation in Peacekeeping Activities Development of a common understanding of operational concepts and requirements for peacekeeping: to exchange views on concepts, terminology and national doctrines on peacekeeping, within the NACC/PfP framework; to hold a seminar on legal aspects of peacekeeping in Spring 1995; to broaden and deepen contacts and cooperation with the United Nations and CSCE on peacekeeping issues, and to encourage exchanges of information on this subject with other concerned bodies, such as the European Commission, and the Western European Union; civil-military interface: to be taken forward as an aspect of work on humanitarian aspects of peacekeeping operations; public relations: a seminar to be held during 1995. Cooperation in planning for peacekeeping activities: command and control: discussion in the Technical Sub-Group (TSG), reinforced by experts; cooperation in planning: further work to await developments in other fora; identification of assets: further work in the TSG at this stage needs to await further development of the UN standby arrangements. Development of a common technical basis in peacekeeping: communications: support for expert group work to develop a concept of communications and a feasibility study for a communications database; equipment implications: possible expert-level discussions of equipment requirements, including critical interoperability issues; Peacekeeping training, education, and exercises: support for expert group work on peacekeeping course repertoire; consideration by TSG of PfP/NACC joint exercise after-action reports, and of similar reports offered by nations concerning relevant bilateral and multilateral exercises conducted in the spirit of PfP; consolidation and analysis of lessons learned in all PfP related peacekeeping exercises. Logistics aspects of peacekeeping: update the Compendium of Lessons Learned, based on national inputs; briefings on the UN peacekeeping logistics manual and the new SHAPE logistics course. Defence Planning Issues and Military Matters NACC Topic Air defence related matters, for aspects related to NACC. Activity Enlarged NADC sessions to consult on air defence aspects of agreed mutual interest. PFP Topics and Activities (2) Topics Defence planning and budgeting; Defence policy/strategy/military doctrine; The structure, organisation and roles of Defence Ministries; The structure and organisation of the armed forces including command structure; Reserve forces and mobilisation; Personnel issues; Democratic control over the armed forces and promotion of civil-military relations in a democratic society; Legal framework for military forces; Education and training: Language training. Military education and training. Training for crisis management. Training on radio frequency management. Training for environmental issues. Planning, organisation and management of national defence procurement programmes: Governmental organisation for defence equipment procurement. Defence procurement planning systems and project management concepts. Contracting procedures and methods. Command and control systems and procedures, including communications and information systems and interoperability aspects. Air Defence related matters: Air Defence concepts and terminology. Air emergency and cross-border air movements. Air Defence training concepts. Standardisation and interoperability: Material and technical aspects of standardisation and interoperability. Procedures and in-service equipment in peacekeeping, search and rescue, humanitarian and other agreed exercises and operations. Military medicine. Logistic issues, in particular logistics aspects of peacekeeping. Crisis management. Exercises in peacekeeping, search and rescue, humanitarian operations, other exercises and related activities. Co-operation in the field of Arms Control and Disarmament. (3) Aerospace Research and Development. Radio Spectrum Management. Co-ordination of PfP Military activities. Activities PfP exercises: The overall goal of training and exercises between NATO and Partners is to develop co-operative military relations in order to strengthen the ability to carry out combined missions in the field of Peacekeeping. Peacekeeping activities may include a range of exercises, such as Map Exercises, Staff Exercises, Field Training Exercises, Command Post Exercises, Communications Exercises and Logistic Exercises. Similar exercises should be organised in other fields such as Search and Rescue, Humanitarian Operations, and other areas as may subsequently be agreed. Exercises will be preceded as necessary by seminars, study periods and workshops to ensure maximum training benefit from the exercise itself. Exercises represent the capstone of a comprehensive programme and will be the final highlight to evaluate training and interoperability in an operational environment. The following exercises are proposed for 1995: Land exercises: L1 Central Eclectic - A CPX to form HQs and conduct peacekeeping operations based on outcome of workshop (btn level exercise) scheduled for 16th-20th October on Partner Territory. L2 Landex - FTX exercise peacekeeping and humanitarian aid operations at platoon level, on Partner Territory. L3 Cooperative Bridge 95 - a CPX/FTX for training and exercising of selected basic military peacekeeping skills and staff procedures at individual, platoon and company level for a limited number of NATO/PFP contingents participating in a NATO led, regimental/brigade sized task force, 18th-30th June, on Partner Territory. L4 Landex (Esperia 1995) - land-based exercise dealing with peacekeeping operations enhancing military interoperability, company/platoon level, May 1995, Tor Di Nebbia Range Southern Italy. (Requires further co-ordination with MNCs). L5 A possible land-based exercise in continental US is under study with a potential for SACLANT involvement. Maritime exercises: M1 2 to 3 day NATO/PfP seminar-type logistic exercise (Co-operative Support 1995 - COSUP 1995) to be planned and conducted by SACLANT, preferably prior to the first 1995 PfP maritime livex. Locations to be determined. M2 Naval Exercise in North Norwegian waters, Barents Sea, under the responsibility of SACLANT probably in Spring/Summer 1995. M3 MAREX - a live exercise featuring basic training and exercise of maritime surface and maritime air forces in peacekeeping scenario, September, in the Baltic. M4 MAREX - live exercise to exercise maritime embargo operations in addition to a demonstration of Non-combatant Evacuation Operation (NEO) could be provided, Black Sea. M5 MAREX - Standing Naval Forces Mediterranean (SNFM) exercise SAR procedures and train for Passing Exercises (PASSEXs) during port visit. M6 MAREX (CLASSICA 1995) - an air/maritime exercise dealing with peacekeeping operations including assistance, search and rescue at sea, embargo, in June/July 1995, Central East Mediterranean Sea (requires further co-ordination with MNCs). Other exercises O1 PCM 1995 - a Crisis Management Exercise (CMX) highlighting briefings and discussion of Crisis Management practices and experience, as well as consultations on a hypothetical conflict affecting NACC and PfP Countries and Allies, 25th-27th October, at NATO HQ. O2 CPX A - a Command Post Exercise (CPX) to exercise staffs in NATO procedures for decision making process on military action in a peacekeeping operation. O3 SHAPEX - a conference to determine the range of missions implied by peace support operations and identify the most effective political and military contribution by NATO and PfP nations. O4 PFP Exercise - a conference/workshop to familiarise with exercise programming and planning process and coordinate ACE PWP exercise activities for 1996/1997, in close coordination with the PCC. O5 Invitation to NAC Sea Day. O6 BALTAP PfP EXERCISE: PfP peacekeeping exercise 6-12 October 1995, involving land, maritime and air forces. Zealand group of Islands, Denmark. (Requires further coordination with MNC's.) O7 Other exercises and related activities: on a case-by-case basis, appropriate phases of a number of exercises within the existing NATO programme may be opened to PfP partners; proposals in this regard have been forwarded by the NMAs and are under consideration by the NATO political authorities. Examples of national exercises under PfP In the course of 1995, SAR exercise with active participation of one or two PfP Partners and/or completed by observers programme accessible to other Allies and Partners conducted in Belgium. Invitation of PfP observers and/or participants during the training on BELBAT for deployment in former Yugoslavia. The exercise lasts + 1 week (3 times a year). A + 3 days visit + presentations to be set up for observers by the Army Personnel Division. Invitation of PfP observers to training of BRITBAT for deployment in former Yugoslavia and PfP participants in UK UNMO courses. Romanian multinational PfP FTX "CONFIDENCE 1995", to be conducted on Romanian territory with the participation of subunits (platoon level) from NATO and Partner Nations and observers (September 1995). To enhance the interoperability and the capability of acting in common in the framework of PSOs. Romanian multinational maritime PfP exercise "BLACK SEA 1995". To be held in the Romanian territorial sea adjacent to MANGALIA harbor; June 1995; each participating state with a vessel (NATO/Partner nations). To establish compatible and viable forms of co-operation regarding the main naval operations in the field of P,H,SAR; observer accommodation on-shore. Bulgarian multinational PfP maritime exercise, 1995, in the Black Sea. Examples of national exercises within the spirit of PfP BALTOPS 1995 (phase 1): US invitational maritime exercises in June. Exercise purpose is to enhance navy-to-navy contacts, co-operation, and interoperability with northern european allies and eastern european Baltic Sea littoral states. Activities include seamanship and small boat operations, underway replenishment, personnel exchanges, manoeuvring, SAR demonstrations, medical exchanges, and at-sea rendezvous. Quarterly Black Sea Passex: Maritime exercise with navies of US, Romania and Bulgaria. Three are envisioned. Activities include port calls, seamanship and manoeuvring, and SAR practice. US/Ukraine Peacekeeping Exercise: Bilateral command post exercise in the Ukraine, with brigade and below staffs as well as a company size unit from both nations in the field. Planned for April-May 1995, the exercise will involve approximately 200-250 personnel per nation. Medical Exercises Central and Eastern Europe (MEDCEUR): Planned for US, Albania and Bulgaria in the first and second quarters of CY 1995. These events provide joint medical and civic action assistance to host-nation military and civilian medical personnel. Activities include mass casualty, evacuation, and emergency medicine training and techniques, as well as medical, dental, and immunisation treatment at local facilities. Romanian Tactical River Exercise "DANUBE 1995" (August 1995). Each participating state (NATO/Partner Nations) with 1 river vessel. To improve co-operation for river operations in the field of P,H,SAR and/or embargo monitoring. Accommodation for observers (on-shore). Other military activities, including: Courses at the NATO Defence College; Rome (4); Courses at the NATO School (SHAPE); Oberammergau; (4) NATO Training Group Courses; Various other courses at different locations; Meetings/Workshops/Seminars/Conferences; Military Agency for Standardisation (MAS) Working Party Seminars; Activities of the Advisory Group for Aerospace and Development (AGARD), subject to political approval. Specific co-operation activities in the field of defence procurement and standardisation will be taken forward under the auspices of the Conference of National Armaments Directors (CNAD) with the aim of: Promoting transparency in defence planning and budgeting processes; Supporting joint planning, training and exercises in the fields of peacekeeping, search and rescue and humanitarian operations; Development, over the longer term, of interoperability of NATO and Partner armed forces These activities will include multinational expert teams, technical workshops, seminars/symposia and special meetings of expert groups. Specific co-operation activities to be developed under the direction of the Senior NATO Logistics Conference (SNLC) in the field of logistics (concepts and procedures), including meetings, courses and exchanges of information and experience between logistic experts. Under the auspices of the NATO Communications and Information System Committee (NACISC) specific activities will aim at promoting common understanding of concepts, policy and planning, and co-operation to improve interoperability in the Communication and Information Systems (CIS) area. These activities will consist of joint meetings, workshops, seminars and expert talks. Under the aegis of the NATO Air Defence Committee (NADC), specific co-operation activities will endeavour to address the common understanding of air defence concepts and philosophy in broad terms as well as air defence planning aspects in general. These activities will consist of one or two workshops, possibly a seminar and group of experts sessions. The NATO Economic Committee to organise an activity aimed at promoting transparency of defence budgets/expenditures, possibly involving procedures for economic analyses of defence expenditures data. Civil Emergency Planning - Humanitarian Assistance NACC Topic Organisation, role and function of Civil Emergency Planning in preventing and responding to emergencies and disasters, and aim, principles and procedures of civil-military cooperation in pre-disaster preparedness arrangements and in responding to emergencies and disasters; Activity Enlarged meetings of the SCEPC to exchange information and experience on the organisation, role and function of CEP in disaster prevention and disaster response, including civil-military cooperation. PFP Topics and Activities (5) Topic Civil Emergency Preparedness. Activities Exchange of information and expertise to assist in the development of civil emergency preparedness including legislation and civil aspects of crisis management, disaster prevention and disaster management and humanitarian assistance. Under the authority of the Senior Civil Emergency Planning Committee, activities will consist of meetings, seminars, courses and exchanges of information and experiences. Air-Traffic Management NACC Topic Civil military co-ordination of air traffic management; Activity Enlarged CEAC Plenary sessions and, as required, subordinate group meetings to improve civil/military co-ordination of the principles and practice of air traffic management; PFP Topics and Activities (6) Topic Air traffic management/control: Civil-military airspace coordination. Multinational air exercise planning. Activities Under the supervision of the Committee for European Airspace Co-ordination (CEAC), a seminar, a workshop and joint experts meetings will address the challenges to the civil and military co-ordination of air traffic management, possible technical collaborations and the means to promote further NATO/PFP compatibility in this field, including training. Footnotes Topics and activities will be implemented according to guidelines set out in the document NACC-D(94)3. PFP topics and activities are subject to further consideration in the PFP context. In the context of the PWP, only conceptual issues referring to conventional arms control are considered. Organisation of these activities will take into account agreed NACC implementation principles. PFP topics and activities are subject to further consideration in the PFP context. PFP topics and activities are subject to further consideration in the PFP context.