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- The North Atlantic Council met in Ministerial Session
in Brussels on 7th and 8th December, 1978.
- Ministers reaffirmed their resolve to preserve and
strengthen the solidarity of the North Atlantic Alliance
as the indispensable guarantor of their security, freedom
and well-being, and as an important contribution to
international peace and stability. They underlined their
faith in the principles and purposes of the Alliance which
have their foundation in the values of democracy, human
rights, justice and social progress.
- Ministers examined the Secretary General's study on
economic co-operation and assistance within the Alliance
which was undertaken at the request of the Council meeting
in Washington in May, in view of the economic difficulties
of some member countries.
Bearing in mind the close relationship between defence
and the economy, as well as the fundamental importance of
economic and social improvement for a stable democracy,
they emphasised once again the need to secure a sound basis
for the economies of these countries and to assist them in
their economic growth.
As an expression of their solidarity and in the light of
Article 2 of the North Atlantic Treaty, Ministers agreed
on the urgent necessity of increasing financial assistance
and economic co-operation by member governments which are
in a position to do so through bilateral and multilateral
channels. They requested the Council in Permanent Session
to continue its consultations on this important question
and to report to them.
- Ministers discussed the current state of East-West
relations in all its aspects and recalled especially the
East-West Study adopted by Allied leaders at the meeting
in Washington last May. They reaffirmed their resolve to
seek further improvement in East-West relations and their
continued commitment to a policy of detente as the best
means of promoting stable and mutually beneficial relations
between governments and better and more frequent contacts
between individuals. In doing so they emphasised once again
the indivisibility of detente, pointing out that disregard
for this would inevitably jeopardise improvement in
East-West relations. They stressed the need for peaceful
solutions in all problem areas.
- Ministers expressed again their firm conviction that
full implementation of all sections of the CSCE Final Act
is an essential element for promoting detente. They noted
with regret certain negative developments in its
implementation during 1978 especially in the field of human
rights and fundamental freedoms, and in that of
information. They stressed the need for improvement in
implementation to be shown between now and the Madrid
Meeting so that the participating states could take part
on the political level. They emphasised that this meeting
would provide a valuable opportunity for undertaking a
further review of the implementation of the Final Act and
for considering future progress. They agreed on the
importance of careful preparation of the Madrid Meeting
and, to that end, expressed their intention to consult
closely both among the Allies and with the other CSCE
participating states. They noted the positive outcome of
the recent Bonn meeting on the preparation of a Scientific
Forum.
- Ministers reviewed the developments concerning Berlin
and Germany as a whole. They noted with satisfaction the
improvement of the economic situation in Berlin and
welcomed the efforts undertaken in the last few months to
strengthen the economic basis for the viability of the
city. The continuation of an undisturbed climate in Berlin
and on the access routes remains an essential element of
detente in Europe. Ministers noted with satisfaction the
conclusion of agreements and arrangements with the German
Democratic Republic on 16th November, 1978, which are an
important contribution to the stability of the Berlin
situation and to detente in Europe in general.
- Ministers noted with concern the continuing build-up
of Warsaw Pact forces and armaments, both conventional and
nuclear, notwithstanding repeated Eastern assurances that
their aim is not to seek military superiority. In the face
of these developments, and while seeking concrete and
verifiable measures of arms control, Ministers stressed the
need to continue to devote the resources necessary to
modernise and strengthen Allied capabilities to the extent
required for deterrence and defence. They reviewed with
satisfaction the actions to this end taken by the Allies
since the Washington Meeting.
- Ministers welcomed the increasing emphasis being placed
on co-operative equipment programmes aimed at achieving a
more effective use of available resources. They also
welcomed the efforts being made to achieve a more balanced
relationship among the North American and the European
members of the Alliance in sharing in the development and
production of new defence equipment, and to enhance the
quantity and quality of standardized or interoperable
systems. They instructed National Armaments Directors to
pursue this approach, bearing in mind the special concerns
of the less industrialised countries of the Alliance.
- Ministers welcomed the agreement reached by the
Governments now participating in the NATO Airborne Early
Warning Programme, the largest co-operative equipment
project so far launched within the Alliance.
- Ministers reaffirmed their conviction that concrete
and verifiable arms control and disarmament measures would
contribute significantly to security, stability and peace.
They therefore welcomed the increasing world-wide attention
being paid to arms control and disarmament, as exemplified
by important current negotiations as well as the United
Nations Special Session on Disarmament and the forthcoming
first meeting in Geneva of the Committee on Disarmament in
which Alliance members will actively participate. Ministers
recalled their agreement to make fuller use of the Alliance
machinery for thorough consultation on arms control and
disarmament issues and noted with satisfaction that such
consultations have been intensified. In this connection,
they had a useful exchange of views on the French proposal
for a Conference on Disarmament in Europe and on the
prospects that this proposal might offer for
confidence-building and security in the area.
- The Ministers discussed the US-USSR Strategic Arms
Limitation Talks. They welcomed the progress made in the
negotiations and expressed support for US efforts to bring
them to a successful conclusion. Ministers continue to
believe that a SALT agreement, which enhances strategic
stability, maintains deterrence and responds to the
security interests and concerns of the Alliance, will be
in the common interest.
- The Ministers of countries which participate in the
negotiations on Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions
reaffirmed their commitment to these negotiations and
re-emphasised their determination to bring them to a
successful conclusion. They confirmed as the goal of these
negotiations the establishment of approximate parity in
ground forces in the form of a common collective ceiling
on the manpower of each side and the reduction of the
disparity in main battle tanks. The achievement of this aim
would contribute to a more stable relationship and to the
strengthening of peace and security in Europe. These
Ministers recall that to this end an important Western
initiative had been introduced in April of this year. The
Eastern response to these proposals, while containing some
welcome movement in matters of structure and concept,
leaves important differences of substance unresolved. Both
sides should now address these open issues progressively
and constructively.
These Ministers welcomed the Eastern movement towards
agreement on the concept of approximate parity. They
stressed, however that this has made the clarification of
the data base, which they always regarded as essential for
substantial progress, even more urgent. They called on the
Eastern side to respond positively to recent Western
efforts relating to the data discussion designed to
identify the reasons for the discrepancy between Western
figures and Eastern data regarding existing manpower levels
in the area of reductions.
These Ministers also recalled the announcement made by
Allied leaders in Washington in May on a meeting of the
negotiations at Foreign Minister level. It was their view
that, despite the movement meanwhile, the requirements
stated at that time for such a meeting had not yet been met
but they agreed to keep this matter under review.
These Ministers continue to attach importance to the
inclusion in an MBFR agreement of associated measures which
should also ensure undiminished security for the flank
participants.
- The Ministers welcomed the continuation of the
dialogue started as a result of the Montreux Summit Meeting
between the Prime Ministers of Greece and Turkey. They
expressed their hope that this constructive step taken by
the two Governments will produce positive and early results
through further joint efforts, and the reaffirmation, where
necessary, of their political will to attain this goal.
- Ministers took note of the report on the situation in
the Mediterranean and underlined again the necessity of
maintaining the balance of forces in the whole
Mediterranean region. They requested the Council in
Permanent Session to pursue its consultations on this
question and to report again at their next meeting.
- Ministers reviewed developments in the Middle East and
expressed the hope that all parties concerned would take
the fullest advantage of the opportunities for a just and
lasting peace offered by the current negotiations. They
expressed hope for an early successful conclusion of these
negotiations as a major step towards a comprehensive peace
in the Middle East and expressed support for United States
efforts for such a comprehensive settlement.
- Ministers took note of the progress made by the
Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) and
in particular its efforts to strengthen international
co-operation aimed at enhancing the environment and
improving the quality of life. Ministers further noted with
satisfaction that the Science Committee continues to serve
as an effective mechanism and forum for international
co-operation in areas of major scientific and technological
concern to Allied countries.
- In viewing world economic conditions Ministers noted
that they remained unsettled, with all countries still
adjusting to the recent adverse trends in the economic
climate. They observed that vigorous efforts had been made
by Allied countries in support of a more equitable world
economic system, including strengthened world trade and
payments arrangements, within the context of renewed
growth. These efforts are continuing.
- Ministers agreed that the next Ministerial Session of
the North Atlantic Council will be held in The Hague on
30th and 31st May, 1979. They noted that 1979 will mark the
XXXth Anniversary of the foundation of the North Atlantic
Alliance and that since its creation it has enabled Europe
to live in peace.
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